If you are about to embark in a sexual relationship for the first time or you are already sexually active but are not aware of all of the forms of contraception that are available, this article can be used as a handy and informative guide. The right form of contraception can help to keep you safe and prevent unwanted pregnancies. The most common forms that are available are as follows:

Condoms

A popular choice when it comes to staying safe, condoms are usually made of latex and act as a barrier between two partners during intercourse. They help to greatly reduce the risk of catching an STI (sexually transmitted infection) and when being used regularly there is only a very slender chance of the condom splitting, which may in some cases lead to pregnancy. They have elastic properties and are waterproof and durable. Condoms are available in a number of different guises including ultra thin, flavoured, ribbed and dotted. They can be used for penetrative intercourse as well as for oral pleasures. Female condoms are also available.

The Contraceptive Pill

Also known as the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP), the contraceptive pill or the pill for short is a method of birth control that uses a combination of hormones to inhibit fertility when taken every day. Although not a method of preventing the spread of STIs, the pill can regulate and often lighten periods and is thought to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. However, if the contraceptive pill is not remembered to be taken, this can lead to pregnancy. The mini-pill (POP) can also be taken orally and is recommended for those who should not use the full pill - for example, older women, diabetics and women whose blood pressure has gone up on the pill.

Contraceptive Coils

Contraceptive coils (or intrauterine devices - IUDs) are usually used by young women who have had babies. Fitting inside the womb, the IUD is only the length of a matchstick and helps to inhibit pregnancy by preventing sperm from getting through the womb and into the tubes, making the womb lining less able to accept an egg and altering secretions in the cervix thus creating an additional barrier for sperm. Although they do not prevent STIs, they have a 98% effectiveness rate when it comes to birth control. The only notable drawback is that periods may become heavier.

Contraceptive Injection

Lasting for approximately three months, the contraceptive injection (usually injected into a muscle in the backside) contains hormones to help act against pregnancy becoming a reality by inhibiting ovulation. The good thing about having this injection is that unlike the contraceptive pill you do not have to remember to keep taking it. However, it does not prevent the transference of sexual infections and is not recommended for use by women who suffer from migraines.

Skin Patch

Only used by approximately 1% of women, the skin patch, also known as Evra, is an effective external version of the contraceptive pill which you stick onto the skin and works by releasing hormones that stop you from getting pregnant. As with most contraceptive methods this self-adhesive patch (which must be changed every seven days) does come with possible side effects including headaches, nausea and symptoms that are similar to flu. This method does not act as a barrier to STIs.

Withdrawal Method

Used by approximately 4% of the population, the withdrawal method is usually used by young couples or by people who do not use typical methods of contraception. It involves the male partner pulling out before ejaculation. This technique is considerably more risky than traditional forms of contraception if withdrawal is not done early enough and it doesn't prevent the spread of STIs. However, this method is better than not doing anything at all.

Whatever method of contraception you may wish to investigate, it is always best to discuss it with your partner and speak to your doctor first to make sure that you are familiar with all of the possible side effects.